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Blood and Soil
Blood and Soil ((ドイツ語:Blut und Boden)) refers to an ideology that focuses on ethnicity based on two factors, descent blood (of a folk) and territory. It celebrates the relationship of a people to the land they occupy and cultivate, and it places a high value on the virtues of rural living.
==Rise==
The German expression was coined in the late 19th century, in tracts espousing racialism and national romanticism. It produced a regionalist literature, with some social criticism.〔 This romantic attachment was widespread prior to the rise of the Nazis.〔Robert Cecil, ''The Myth of the Master Race: Alfred Rosenberg and Nazi Ideology'' p165 ISBN 0-396-06577-5〕 Major figures in 19th-century German agrarian romanticism included Ernst Moritz Arndt and Wilhelm Heinrich Riehl, who argued that the peasantry represented the foundation of the German people and conservatism.〔Paul Brassley, Yves Segers, Leen Van Van Molle (ed.) (2012). ''War, Agriculture, and Food: Rural Europe from the 1930s to the 1950s''. p. 197. Routledge, ISBN 0-415-52216-1〕
Ultranationalists predating the Nazis often supported country living as more healthy, with the Artaman League sending urban children to the countryside to work in part in hopes of transforming them into Wehrbauern.〔Heather Pringle, ''The Master Plan: Himmler's Scholars and the Holocaust'', p39 ISBN 0-7868-6886-4〕
Richard Walther Darré popularized the phrase at the time of the rise of Nazi Germany; he wrote a book called ''Neuadel aus Blut und Boden'' (''A New Nobility Based On Blood And Soil'') in 1930, which proposed a systemic eugenics program, arguing for breeding as a cure-all for all the problems plaguing the state.〔Barbara Miller Lane, Leila J. Rupp, ''Nazi Ideology Before 1933: A Documentation'' p. 110-1 ISBN 0-292-75512-0〕 Darré was an influential member of the Nazi party and a noted race theorist who assisted the party greatly in gaining support among common Germans outside the cities. Prior to their ascension to power, Nazis called for a return from the cities to the countryside.〔Richard Grunberger, ''The 12-Year Reich'', p 151, ISBN 0-03-076435-1〕 This agrarian sentiment allowed opposition to both the middle class and the aristocracy, and presented the farmer as a superior figure beside the moral swamp of the city.〔David Schoenbaum, ''Hitler's Social Revolution: Class and Status in Nazi Germany, 1933-1939'', p 161-2 Garden City, NY Doubleday, 1966.〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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